Windows: "The request was aborted: Could not create SSL/TLS secure channel"

I recently had a problem on an Office Web App Server (Windows Server 2012 R2). To show a document in Web View, it had to fetch it from another server via HTTPS. This failed. The ULS log showed: "The request was aborted: Could not create SSL/TLS secure channel" When I used Internet Explorer from the Office Web App Server, I could connect to the other server via HTTPS no problem. So the certificate was not the problem, it was trusted on the Office Web App Server. After hours of searching, I Read more [...]